系统性学习Moya+Alamofire+RxSwift+ObjectMapper的配合使用
主要是练习Moya的熟练使用,全文涉及到CYLTabBarController搭建简单易用的框架、Swift和OC互相调用、FLEX显示界面层级UI的属性、ObjectMapper解析数据、Kingfisher加载网络图片、MBProgressHUD融合到请求里自动显示与隐藏请求等待、MJRefresh作为刷新简单写了一个类别、SDCycleScrollView显示轮播图、Then的使用,最终实现了一个简单的界面...更加深入技术还在探究中,先放上本文的Demo
示例图片
既然是介绍Moya的就主要先来介绍它吧,Moya是对 Alamofire的进一步封装,简化了网络请求,方便维护,方便单元测试,使用Moya项目中网络请求类的部分可能长这样,所有的请求集中放在一起,集体化管理很方便
Moya发送简单的网络请求
枚举类型需满足TargetType协议
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public protocol TargetType {
var baseURL: NSURL { get }
var path: String { get }
var method: Moya.Method { get }
var parameters: [String: AnyObject]? { get }
var sampleData: NSData { get }
}
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实现一个枚举代码如下:
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import Foundation
import Moya
enum ApiManager {
case getDantangList(String)
case getNewsList
case getMoreNews(String)
case getThemeList
case getThemeDesc(Int)
case getNewsDesc(Int)
case Create(title: String, body: String, userId: Int)
case Login(phone:String,password:String)
case Banner(String)
}
extension ApiManager: TargetType {
/// The target's base `URL`.
var baseURL: URL {
switch self {
case .Create(_,_,_):
case .getDantangList,.Banner:
case .Login:
default :
}
}
/// The path to be appended to `baseURL` to form the full `URL`.
var path: String {
switch self {
case .getDantangList(let page):
return "v1/channels/\(page)/items"
case .getNewsList:
return "4/news/latest"
case .getMoreNews(let date):
return "4/news/before/" + date
case .getThemeList:
return "4/themes"
case .getThemeDesc(let id):
return "4/theme/\(id)"
case .getNewsDesc(let id):
return "4/news/\(id)"
case .Create(_, _, _):
return "posts"
case .Login:
return "/rest/user/certificate"
case .Banner:
return "v1/banners"
}
}
/// The HTTP method used in the request.
var method: Moya.Method {
switch self {
case .Create(_, _, _):
return .post
case .Login:
return .post
default :
return .get
}
}
/// The parameters to be incoded in the request.
var parameters: [String: Any]? {
switch self {
case .Create(let title, let body, let userId):
return [ "title" : title, "body" : body, "userId" : userId]
case .Login(let number, let passwords):
return [ "mobile" : number, "password" : passwords, "deviceId" : "12121312323" ]
case .Banner(let strin):
return [ "channel" :strin]
default :
return nil
}
}
/// The method used for parameter encoding.
var parameterEncoding: ParameterEncoding {
return URLEncoding. default
}
/// Provides stub data for use in testing.
var sampleData: Data {
switch self {
case .Create(_, _, _):
return "Create post successfully" .data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)!
default :
return "" .data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)!
}
}
var task: Task {
return .request
}
/// Whether or not to perform Alamofire validation. Defaults to `false`.
var validate: Bool {
return false
}
}
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现在就可以发送简单的网络请求了:
1.定义一个全局变量MoyaProvider
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let ApiManagerProvider = MoyaProvider
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2.发送网络请求
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ApiManagerProvider.request(.getNewsList) { (result) -> () in
case let .success(response):
break
case let .failure(error):
break }
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MoyaProvider的初始化
我们观察下MoyaProvider的初始化方法. MoyaProvider初始化都是有默认值的
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public init(endpointClosure: @escaping EndpointClosure = MoyaProvider.defaultEndpointMapping,
requestClosure: @escaping RequestClosure = MoyaProvider.defaultRequestMapping,
stubClosure: @escaping StubClosure = MoyaProvider.neverStub,
manager: Manager = MoyaProvider.defaultAlamofireManager(),
plugins: [PluginType] = [],
trackInflights: Bool = false )
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这些可选参数就是Moya的强大之处了 ,文章主要也是介绍如何使用这些插件的。
参数说明:
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EndpointClosure
可以对请求参数做进一步的修改,如可以修改endpointByAddingParameters endpointByAddingHTTPHeaderFields等
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RequestClosure 你可以在发送请求前,做点手脚. 如修改超时时间,打印一些数据等等
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StubClosure可以设置请求的延迟时间,可以当做模拟慢速网络
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Manager 请求网络请求的方式。默认是Alamofire
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[PluginType]一些插件。回调的位置在发送请求后,接受服务器返回之前
稍后详细介绍这部分内容。
RxSwift
Moya也有自己的RxSwift的扩展,不懂RxSwift的童鞋可以看下我们博客中的关于RxSwift库介绍的文章。Moya使用RxSwift很简单,如下所示我们只需要对请求结果进行监听就行了
使用RxSwift可以这样来请求
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let provider = RxMoyaProvider() //要使用RxMoyaProvider创建provider,暂时不携带任何参数
provider.request(.getNewsList).subscribe { event in
switch event {
case .next(let response):
// do something with the data
case .error(let error):
// handle the error
}
}
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我们还可以对Observable进行扩展,自定义一些自己流水线操作,比如自动实现json转化Model,定义如下。
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func mapObject(type: T.Type) -> Observable {
return self.map { response in
//if response is a dictionary, then use ObjectMapper to map the dictionary
//if not throw an error
guard let dict = response as? [String: Any] else {
throw RxSwiftMoyaError.ParseJSONError
}
guard (dict[ "code" ] as?Int) != nil else {
throw RxSwiftMoyaError.ParseJSONError
}
if let error = self.parseError(response: dict) {
throw error
}
return Mapper().map(JSON: dict)!
}
}
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下边的方法就需要根据服务器返回数据进行判断了,我常用的逻辑是数据请求成功了才返回再就行界面赋值刷新操作,如果是状态码不成功就直接拦截抛出错误(后台返回的message),比如是登录密码错误提示之类的
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fileprivate func parseError(response: [String: Any]?) -> NSError? {
var error: NSError?
if let value = response {
var code:Int?
//后台的数据每次会返回code只有是200才会表示逻辑正常执行
if let codes = value[ "code" ] as?Int
{
code = codes
}
if code != 200 {
var msg = ""
if let message = value[ "message" ] as? String {
msg = message
}
error = NSError(domain: "Network" , code: code!, userInfo: [NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: msg])
}
}
return error
}
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那么就可以定义一个请求方法了
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func login(phone: String, password:String) -> Observable {
return provider.request(.Login(phone: phone, password: password))
.mapJSON()
.debug() // 打印请求发送中的调试信息
.mapObject(type: UserModel.self)
}
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如下代码就完成了一次请求
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let viewModel = ViewModel(self)
viewModel.login(phone: "156178...." , password: "11111" )
.subscribe(onNext: { (userModel: UserModel) in
//do something with posts
print(userModel.user?.nickName ?? "" )
})
.addDisposableTo(dispose)
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Moya也为我们提供了很多Observable的扩展,让我们能更轻松的处理MoyaResponse,常用的如下:
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filter(statusCodes:) 过滤response状态码
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filterSuccessfulStatusCodes() 过滤状态码为请求成功的
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mapJSON() 将请求response转化为JSON格式
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mapString() 将请求response转化为String格式
具体可以参考官方文档
下边就说说RxMoyaProvider参数吧
EndpointClosure
没写什么就打印下参数,请求方法,路径..可以核对
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private func endpointMapping(target: Target) -> Endpoint {
print( "请求连接:\(target.baseURL)\(target.path) \n方法:\(target.method)\n参数:\(String(describing: target.parameters)) " )
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return MoyaProvider.defaultEndpointMapping( for : target)
}
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manager
用的是Alamofire请求,这里主要写了一个忽略SSL验证的方法,当然也可以在这里修改请求头等等
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public func defaultAlamofireManager() -> Manager {
let configuration = URLSessionConfiguration. default
configuration.httpAdditionalHeaders = Alamofire.SessionManager.defaultHTTPHeaders
let policies: [String: ServerTrustPolicy] = [
"ap.dimain.cn" : .disableEvaluation
]
let manager = Alamofire.SessionManager(configuration: configuration,serverTrustPolicyManager: ServerTrustPolicyManager(policies: policies))
manager.startRequestsImmediately = false
return manager
}
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最有意思的还是插件了 ,可以自定义各种功能
plugins
plugins参数是一个数组的形式,遵循PluginType协议我们先看下PluginType的协议内容
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public protocol PluginType {
/// Called to modify a request before sending
//请求前可以修改一些request
func prepare(_ request: URLRequest, target: TargetType) -> URLRequest
/// Called immediately before a request is sent over the network (or stubbed).
//开始请求
func willSend(_ request: RequestType, target: TargetType)
/// Called after a response has been received, but before the MoyaProvider has invoked its completion handler.
//结束请求
func didReceive(_ result: Result, target: TargetType)
/// Called to modify a result before completion
func process(_ result: Result, target: TargetType) -> Result}
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状态条中的网络加载提示,俗称"菊花加载
networkActivityPlugin
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let networkActivityPlugin = NetworkActivityPlugin { (change) -> () in
switch (change){
case .ended:
UIApplication.shared.isNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible = false
case .began:
UIApplication.shared.isNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible = true
}
}
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NetworkActivityPlugin是Moya提供的方法,还是根据PluginType的协议实现的
请求一般就需要loading了这里用MBProgressHUD实现自动显示隐藏
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public final class RequestLoadingPlugin: PluginType {
private let viewController: UIViewController
var HUD:MBProgressHUD
var hide:Bool
init(_ vc: UIViewController,_ hideView:Bool) {
self.viewController = vc
self.hide = hideView
HUD = MBProgressHUD.init()
guard self.hide else {
return
}
HUD = MBProgressHUD.showAdded(to: self.viewController.view, animated: true )
}
public func willSend(_ request: RequestType, target: TargetType) {
print( "开始请求\(self.viewController)" )
if self.hide != false {
HUD.mode = MBProgressHUDMode.indeterminate
HUD.label.text = "加载中"
HUD.bezelView.color = UIColor.lightGray
HUD.removeFromSuperViewOnHide = true
HUD.backgroundView.style = .solidColor //或SolidColor
}
}
public func didReceive(_ result: Result, target: TargetType) {
print( "结束请求" )
HUD.hide(animated: true )
}
}
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修改请求头想想不该放在插件了实现,应该是在manager里实现,先放出来代码吧
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struct AuthPlugin: PluginType {
let token: String
func prepare(_ request: URLRequest, target: TargetType) -> URLRequest {
var request = request
request.timeoutInterval = 30
request.addValue(token, forHTTPHeaderField: "token" )
request.addValue( "ios" , forHTTPHeaderField: "platform" )
request.addValue( "version" , forHTTPHeaderField: Bundle.main.object(forInfoDictionaryKey: "CFBundleShortVersionString" ) as! String)
return request
}
}
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请求时候遇到逻辑错误或者不满足条件,参数错误等要提示这里用的是Toast
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//检测token有效性
final class AccessTokenPlugin: PluginType {
private let viewController: UIViewController
init(_ vc: UIViewController) {
self.viewController = vc
}
public func willSend(_ request: RequestType, target: TargetType) {}
public func didReceive(_ result: Result, target: TargetType) {
switch result {
case .success(let response):
//请求状态码
guard response.statusCode == 200 else {
return
}
var json:Dictionary? = try ! JSONSerialization.jsonObject( with : response.data,options:.allowFragments) as! [String: Any]
print( "请求状态码\(json?[" status "] ?? " ")" )
guard (json?[ "message" ]) != nil else {
return
}
guard let codeString = json?[ "status" ] else { return }
//请求状态为1时候立即返回不弹出任何提示 否则提示后台返回的错误信息
guard codeString as! Int != 1 else { return }
self.viewController.view .makeToast( json?[ "message" ] as! String)
case .failure(let error):
print( "出错了\(error)" )
break
}
}
}
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AccessTokenPlugin这个名字有点问题哈,起初是想在这里判断token不正确就退出登录用的由于没有合适的api就实现了请求结果的状态判断,这就自动实现了逻辑错误的提示了 不用一个请求一个请求的判断了,还是挺方便的
有了这些插件就可以这样初始化RxMoyaProvider
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let provider :RxMoyaProviderprovider = RxMoyaProvider(
endpointClosure: endpointMapping,
manager:defaultAlamofireManager(),
plugins:[RequestLoadingPlugin(self.viewController, true ),
AccessTokenPlugin( self.viewController), NetworkLoggerPlugin(verbose: true ),
networkActivityPlugin,AuthPlugin(token: "暂时为空" )]
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关于Moya的用法先介绍到这里后续我会继续探究更加灵活全面的用法。
下边介绍下Then的语法棉花糖吧,看例子吧
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_ = UILabel.init(frame: CGRect.init(x: 0, y: 0, width: kScreenW, height: 50)).then({ (make) in
make.text = "Then的简单用法超赞????"
make.font = .systemFont(ofSize: 20)
make.textColor = .red
make.textAlignment = .center
self.view.addSubview(make)
})
UserDefaults.standard. do {
$0.set( "devxoul" , forKey: "username" )
$0.synchronize()
let tableView = UITableView().then {
$0.backgroundColor = .clear
$0.separatorStyle = .none
$0.register(MyCell.self, forCellReuseIdentifier: "myCell" )
}
}
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如果布局这样还不简单那再看下边用Then和SnapKit一起使用的方式
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_ = UILabel().then({ (make) in
make.text = "Then的简单用法超赞????"
make.font = .systemFont(ofSize: 20)
make.textColor = .red
make.textAlignment = .center
self.view.addSubview(make)
make.snp.makeConstraints({ (make) in
make.top.left.right.equalTo(0)
make.height.equalTo(50)
})
})
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再不满意只能用Xib布局了....
在Swift中用SDCycleScrollView轮播图
SDCycleScrollView之前一直在OC中使用觉得很简单又熟悉了所以这次写的Demo依旧搬了过来,但是呢SDCycleScrollView里实现图片下载用的是SDWebImage,而Swift版本提供了Kingfisher那不可能都用了,因为也不想放弃SDCycleScrollView就不得已修改了里边图片下载的方法,在Swift项目里OC类直接调用Swift类是调用不到的,所以我就咨询了下找到一个合适办法,新建Swift里继承SDCycleScrollView然后用Kingfisher实现图片下载,方法比较简单就是给开发者提供一个参考方法
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import UIKit
import SDCycleScrollView
import Kingfisher
class CustomSDCycleScrollView: SDCycleScrollView {
//因为之前库里边用的是SDWebImageView 缓存的图片 现在 换了Swift版本的Kingfisher所以 无奈修改了原库的方法 重写了下
open override func imageView(_ imageView: UIImageView!, url: URL!) -> UIImageView! {
let imageView: UIImageView? = imageView
imageView?.kf.setImage( with : url,placeholder:UIImage.init(named: "tab_5th_h" ))
return imageView
}
//重写oc代码 删除缓存
override class func clearImagesCache()
{
let cache = KingfisherManager.shared.cache
// 获取硬盘缓存的大小
cache.calculateDiskCacheSize { (size) -> () in
print( "磁盘缓存大小: \(size) bytes " )
cache.clearDiskCache()
}
}
}
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用的时候直接使用CustomSDCycleScrollView即可
项目使用MJRefresh实现刷新
给UIScrollView写了一个类别比较简单代码如下
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import UIKit
import MJRefresh
extension UIScrollView
{
func headerRefresh(block: @escaping () -> ()) -> (){
self.mj_header = MJRefreshNormalHeader.init(refreshingBlock: {
block()
})
}
func footerRefresh(block: @escaping () -> ()) -> (){
self.mj_footer = MJRefreshBackNormalFooter(refreshingBlock: {
block()
})
}
func endrefresh(){
self.mj_footer.endRefreshing()
self.mj_header.endRefreshing()
}
}
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用的时候更简单了
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weak var weakself = self
//上拉刷新
tableView.headerRefresh {
weakself?.loadData()
}
//下拉加载
tableView.footerRefresh{
weakself?.loadData()
}
//结束刷新
self.tableView.endrefresh()
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值得一提的是Swift项目如何用OC
下班了。。。。后续