synology nfs_如何在Synology NAS中更换发生故障的硬盘

synology nfs

It’s never fun when a hard drive dies, but Synology at least makes it pretty easy to replace a dead drive in your NAS. You can get back up and running without much fuss. Here’s how to do it.

当硬盘驱动器死机时，这永远都不是一件有趣的事，但是Synology至少使在NAS中更换死驱动器变得非常容易。 您可以恢复正常运行，而不必大惊小怪。 这是操作方法。

If you’re in this current situation, hopefully you’re running a RAID setup so that you didn’t lose any data. If so, that’s one less thing to worry about. Plus, RAID lets you keep your NAS up and running like normal even if one of the hard drives dies, so there’s no rush to replace the drive right away. That said, you do lose some (or all) of your fault tolerance until you can replace the failed hard drive. Replacing it sooner rather than later is ideal.

如果您目前处于这种情况，则希望您正在运行RAID设置，这样就不会丢失任何数据。 如果是这样，那就不用担心了。 此外，即使其中一个硬盘驱动器失效，RAID仍可让您保持NAS正常运行，因此不必急于立即更换驱动器。 就是说，您确实失去了部分(或全部)容错能力，直到可以更换发生故障的硬盘驱动器为止。 尽快更换它是理想的。

第一步：确定故障驱动器 (Step One: Identify the Failed Drive)

When a hard drive fails, Synology lets you know about it by loudly beeping at you. On top of that, you’ll get warnings about a “degraded” volume.

当硬盘发生故障时，Synology会通过大声鸣叫来告知您。 最重要的是，您将收到有关“降级”音量的警告。

You can see which hard drive ended up failing by logging into DiskStation Manager and clicking the main menu button in the top-left corner.

您可以登录DiskStation Manager并单击左上角的主菜单按钮来查看哪个硬盘驱动器最终出现故障。

Next, open up the “Storage Manager” app.

接下来，打开“ Storage Manager”应用程序。

Then, in the left-hand sidebar, click “HDD/SDD” to show a list of the hard drives and their status.

然后，在左侧边栏中，单击“ HDD / SDD”以显示硬盘驱动器及其状态的列表。

Next to each drive, you’ll see a green or red status, depending on the state of the drive. When everything is functioning properly, you’ll see “Normal” shown in green next to each drive. But a failed hard drive will display a red “Crashed” or “Failed” status. In my case, the failing hard drive was showing up as “Normal”, but it was buzzing loudly, which is a good sign of a faulty drive in the making.

在每个驱动器旁边，您将看到绿色或红色状态，具体取决于驱动器的状态。 当一切正常运行时，您将在每个驱动器旁边看到绿色显示的“正常”。 但是发生故障的硬盘驱动器将显示红色的“已崩溃”或“失败”状态。 就我而言，发生故障的硬盘驱动器显示为“正常”，但它嗡嗡作响，这表明驱动器制造有问题。

The disk number will be the drive’s position in the NAS enclosure from left to right. So if “Disk 2” failed, then it’s the second hard drive from the left.

磁盘编号将是驱动器在NAS机柜中从左到右的位置。 因此，如果“磁盘2”发生故障，则它是左侧第二个硬盘驱动器。

第二步：卸下和更换 (Step Two: Remove and Replace)

After determining which hard drive went kaput, you can remove it from the NAS enclosure. You may have to completely shut down your NAS first before removing a hard drive, but most Synology NAS boxes support hot-swapping. In that case, you can leave it powered on and remove and insert hard drives all day long without an issue.

确定要插入哪个硬盘驱动器后，可以将其从NAS机柜中卸下。 您可能必须先完全关闭NAS，然后才能卸下硬盘驱动器，但是大多数Synology NAS盒都支持热插拔。 在这种情况下，您可以全天保持开机状态，并整天卸下和插入硬盘驱动器。

It’s usually a good idea to have a spare drive ready to go. If you do, just slide the new one in after removing the failed drive.

准备备用驱动器通常是一个好主意。 如果这样做，只需在卸下故障驱动器后将新的滑入。

If you don’t have a spare drive, don’t worry. You can still remove the failed drive, and then worry about getting a new drive (RMA a drive that’s still under warranty or buy a new drive if not). For what it’s worth, though, it’s usually good practice to have a hot spare ready to go whenever something like this happens, but it’s not absolutely necessary.

如果您没有备用驱动器，请不要担心。 您仍然可以卸下发生故障的驱动器，然后担心要购买新驱动器( RMA仍在保修期内的驱动器，否则请购买新驱动器 )。 不过，就其价值而言，通常最好的做法是在发生这种情况时准备好一个热备用，但这并不是绝对必要的。

Of course, until you replace the drive, your NAS will continue to give you warnings, so be prepared to put up with that.

当然，在您更换驱动器之前，您的NAS会继续向您发出警告，因此请准备好接受它。

第三步：测试新硬盘 (Step Three: Test the New Hard Drive)

After you’ve installed the new hard drive to replace the old, failed one, it’s important to make sure it’s working properly before you putting it into action (because there’s always the chance of receiving a DOA drive in the mail). The best way to do this is to run a SMART test.

在安装新的硬盘驱动器以替换故障的旧硬盘驱动器之后，在将其投入使用之前，请确保它能够正常工作，这一点很重要(因为总是有机会在邮件中收到DOA驱动器)。 最好的方法是运行SMART测试 。

Most modern hard drives are self-monitored and they will let you know if they’re failing or going to fail soon. You find out this info by running a SMART test on the drive. To perform a SMART test on your new drive in your NAS box, go into Storage Manager and navigate to the HDD/SDD screen again. Select the new drive, and then click the “Health Info” button.

大多数现代硬盘驱动器都具有自我监控功能，它们会在故障或即将发生故障时通知您。 您可以通过在驱动器上运行SMART测试来找到此信息。 要在NAS盒中的新驱动器上执行SMART测试，请进入Storage Manager并再次导航至HDD / SDD屏幕。 选择新的驱动器，然后单击“健康信息”按钮。

Click the “S.M.A.R.T. Test” tab at the top of the window.

单击窗口顶部的“ SMART Test”选项卡。

From there, you can select either the “Quick Test” or “Extended Test” option. We recommend the extended test, because even though it takes longer, the results are much more accurate. Hit “Start” when you’re ready.

从那里，您可以选择“快速测试”或“扩展测试”选项。 我们建议您进行扩展测试，因为尽管它花费的时间更长，但结果要准确得多。 准备好后，点击“开始”。

You’ll receive a pop-up confirmation that shows you the approximate amount of time the test will take. It will take a while (at least several hours), so be patient.

您会收到一个弹出确认，其中显示了测试所需的大概时间。 这将需要一段时间(至少几个小时)，因此请耐心等待。

While running, you’ll see the status and progress of the SMART test amongst the other details of the new drive. You can continue to use your NAS like normal, but you may notice decreased performance during the test.

在运行时，您将看到SMART测试的状态和进度以及新驱动器的其他详细信息。 您可以像平常一样继续使用NAS，但在测试过程中可能会注意到性能下降。

第四步：修复卷 (Step Four: Repair the Volume)

After you have the new hard drive installed and fully tested, it’s time to repair the volume and rebuild the RAID. In Storage Manager, click the “Volume” option in the left-hand sidebar.

在安装了新的硬盘驱动器并进行了充分的测试之后，该修复该卷并重建RAID了。 在存储管理器中，单击左侧边栏中的“卷”选项。

Click the “Manage” button at the top of the window.

点击窗口顶部的“管理”按钮。

In the new window that comes up, select the “Repair” option, and then hit the “Next” button.

在出现的新窗口中，选择“修复”选项，然后单击“下一步”按钮。

Select the new hard drive, and then click the “Next” button again.

选择新的硬盘驱动器，然后再次单击“下一步”按钮。

You’re warned that all data on the new drive will be erased. Hit the “OK” button to confirm.

警告您新驱动器上的所有数据将被删除。 点击“确定”按钮进行确认。

On the next screen, click “Apply” to begin the repair process.

在下一个屏幕上，单击“应用”以开始修复过程。

Depending on the size of the RAID, this process could take several days, so be patient. You can see its progress from the main “Volume” screen in Storage Manager.

根据RAID的大小，此过程可能需要几天，因此请耐心等待。 您可以从Storage Manager的“卷”主屏幕中查看其进度。

As with running the SMART test, you can continue to use your NAS as usual, but you may notice decreased performance during the repair process. Also keep in mind that you aren’t able to change the RAID type as part of the repair (e.g. switching from RAID 1 to RAID 5 if you installed more drives). You have to repair the original array first, and then you can change the RAID type later.

与运行SMART测试一样，您可以照常继续使用NAS，但是在修复过程中可能会发现性能下降。 另外请记住，在修复过程中您将无法更改RAID类型(例如，如果安装了更多驱动器，则从RAID 1切换到RAID 5)。 您必须先修复原始阵列，然后再更改RAID类型。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/351486/how-to-replace-a-failed-hard-drive-in-your-synology-nas/

synology nfs