EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. EPROM is a type of ROM where it can be erasable by using different techniques and programmable again with different data and code. In this tutorial we will learn what is EPROM, applications, programming, erasing, advantages and disadvantages of the EPROM.

EPROM代表Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory 。 EPROM是一种ROM，可通过使用不同的技术将其擦除，并使用不同的数据和代码再次进行编程。 在本教程中，我们将学习什么是EPROM，EPROM的应用，编程，擦除，优缺点。

什么是EPROM(可擦可编程只读存储器)？ (What Is EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)?)

EPROM is a non-volatile memory chip that is invented by intel in 1971 as read-only. But there is a technique where ultraviolet light is used to erase the EPROM if needed where new data and code can be written after that. The new data and code can be written into the EPROM easily. EPROM generally used in computer and server cases where there is no or very little light but if used outside of the case the window is covered with a label to prevent sunlight. In the manufacturing of the EPROM, MOS transistors are used to reprogram. We can call to write or store data and code into EPROM also reprogram which will set a new state for the program of the EPROM. EPROM can be erased and reprogrammed multiple times without a problem.

EPROM是一种非易失性存储芯片，由intel于1971年发明为只读存储器。 但是有一种技术，如果需要，可以使用紫外线来擦除EPROM，然后再写入新的数据和代码。 新的数据和代码可以轻松地写入EPROM。 EPROM通常用于没有或只有很少光线的计算机和服务器机箱中，但如果在机箱外部使用，则窗户上会贴有防止阳光照射的标签。 在EPROM的制造中，MOS晶体管用于重新编程。 我们可以调用将数据和代码写入或存储到EPROM中，也可以重新编程，这将为EPROM的程序设置新的状态。 可以多次擦除和重新编程EPROM，而不会出现问题。

EPROM的应用(Applications of EPROM)

EPROM is a very useful hardware or mechanism where it can be used in different applications and areas.

EPROM是非常有用的硬件或机制，可以在不同的应用程序和领域中使用。

• EPROM is used in computer BIOS in order to store a bootloader which will initialize the computer and load a very basic BIOS operation system to load the normal operating system.
  EPROM用于计算机BIOS中，以便存储引导加载程序，该引导加载程序将初始化计算机并加载非常基本的BIOS操作系统，以加载常规操作系统。
• Microcontrollers use EPROMs in order to store some data which can be stored over reboots.
  微控制器使用EPROM来存储一些数据，这些数据可以通过重新启动进行存储。
• EPROM has also used in games especially low-level graphical games in order to store game data, code and program.
  EPROM还用于游戏特别是低级图形游戏中，以存储游戏数据，代码和程序。
• EPROM is mainly used in personal and enterprise computers to assist other devices.
  EPROM主要用于个人和企业计算机中以辅助其他设备。

EPROM的优点 (Advantages of EPROM)

The usage of EPROM can provide some advantages over other technologies like ROM, PROM, etc.

与其他技术(例如ROM，PROM等)相比，EPROM的使用可以提供一些优势。

• `EPROM` is a cost-effective solution, especially for multiple reprogramming cases.
  “ EPROM”是一种经济高效的解决方案，尤其是对于多个重新编程的情况。
• `EPROM` is easier for testing and debugging operations.
  EPROM更易于测试和调试操作。
• `EPROM` can store the data even without power.
  即使没有电源，ʻEPROM`也可以存储数据。

EPROM的缺点 (Disadvantages of EPROM)

EPROM can have some disadvantages against more advanced technologies like EEPROM.

EPROM与EEPROM等更先进的技术相比可能会有一些缺点。

• `EPROM` has higher static power consumption then EEPROM.
  “ EPROM”比EEPROM具有更高的静态功耗。
• `EPROM` erase operation is much harder and longer then EEPROM.
  与EEPROM相比，“ EPROM”擦除操作要困难得多，时间更长。
• `EPROM` can not erase the data byte by byte.
  EPROM无法逐字节擦除数据。
• In order to erase data the `EPROM` chip should be removed from the mainboard.
  为了擦除数据，应从主板上卸下EPROM芯片。
• `EPROM` can be costly then PROM in some cases.
  在某些情况下，EPROM可能比PROM昂贵。

EPROM与EEPROM (EPROM vs EEPROM)

EPROM is very similar to the EEPROM but they have some similarities and differences.

EPROM与EEPROM非常相似，但是它们有一些相似之处和不同之处。

• `EPROM` can be erased with UV light where `EEPROM` can be erased with an electric signal.
  紫外线可以擦除EPROM，而电信号可以擦除EEPROM。
• `EPROM` is the modern and better version of the `PROM` where `EEPROM` is the modern and better version of the `EPROM`.
  “ EPROM”是“ PROM”的最新版本，而“ EEPROM”是“ EPROM”的最新版本。
• `EPROM` and `EEPROM` are both used for external programming related hardware or the lower layer of the operating system.
  EPROM和EEPROM均用于与外部编程相关的硬件或操作系统的下层。
• `EPROM` and `EEPROM` can be reprogrammer after erased with related methods.
  使用相关方法擦除后，可以重新编程EPROM和EEPROM。
• `EPROM` transistors consume about 12.5 where `EEPROM` transistors consume 5 volts.
  EPROM晶体管的功耗约为12.5，而EEPROM晶体管的功耗为5伏。
• `EPROM` uses the electron injection programming technique for programming where `EEPROM` uses the tunnel effect technique for programming.
  “ EPROM”使用电子注入编程技术进行编程，而“ EEPROM”使用隧道效应技术进行编程。
• `EPROM` erasing operation can be between 15-20 minutes where `EEPROM` erasing operation takes only5 milliseconds which is a lot faster than EPROM.
  EPROM擦除操作可能需要15到20分钟，而EEPROM擦除操作仅需5毫秒，这比EPROM快得多。
• `EPROM` should be taken off from the computer circuit or mainboard in order to erase and reprogram where `EEPROM` can be erased within the computer circuit and mainboard without a take-off.
  应该从计算机电路或主板上取下“ EPROM”，以进行擦除和重新编程，在不取下的情况下，可以在计算机电路和主板内擦除“ EEPROM”。

翻译自: https://www.poftut.com/what-is-eprom-erasable-programmable-read-only-memory/