人工智能

//本文以arduino为工具，从入门介绍人工智能

• 什么是arduino
• arduino开发环境介绍
• 编程起步
• LED闪烁

什么是arduino？
arduino是一款开发板，专门为创客打造，用于实现机器的智能化。

arduino开发环境介绍
arduino IDE 可以去官网www.arduino.cc下载。arduino是用java开发，编程语言是C++。
编程起步
穿件新文件时会看到两个方法：
void setup ( ) { } - All of the code within the curly braces will be run ONCE when the program first runs.
void loop ( ) { } - This function is run AFTER setup has finished. All of the code within the curly braces will be run again, and again, until the power is removed.
语法：
// - Single line comment
/* */ - Multiline comment
{ } – used to define a block of code that starts and ends.
; - used to define the end of a line of code.

变量：
int (integer) – this stores a number in 2 bytes(16 bits) and has no decimal places. The value must be between -32,768 and 32,768.

long(long) – Used when the integer is NOT large enough. This takes 4 bytes(32 bits) of RAM and has a range of -2,147,483,648 and 2,147,483,648.

boolean(boolean) – A simple true and false variable. It is useful because it only takes up 1 bit of RAM.

float (float) – Used for floating decimals. It takes 4 bytes of RAM and has a range of -3.4028235E+38 and 3.4028235E+38

char(character) – Stores one character using ASCII code (“A” = 65). Uses 1 byte of RAM

运算符
数学运算符：
= (assignment) makes something equal to something else. For example, x = 10*2, thus x = 20.

% (modulo) – this gives the remainder when one number is divided by another. For example 12 % 10 gives 2.

• (addition)
• (subtraction)
• (multiplication)
  / (division)

比较运算符：
== (equal to) - For example 12==10 is FALSE and 12 ==12 is TRUE.

!= (not equal to) - For example 12!=10 is TRUE and 12!=12 is FALSE.

< (less than)

(greater than)

控制语句：
条件
if(condition) { }
else if (condition) { }
else(condition) { }

循环
for (int i =0; i < #repeats; i ++) { }

数字端口：
pinmode (pin, mode) ; - Used to address the pin # on the Arduino board you would like to use 0-19. The mode can either be INPUT or OUTPUT.

digitalwrite (pin, value); - Once a pin is set to output it can be set to either HIGH (5 Volts) or LOW(0 volts). This basically means turn ON and OFF.

闪烁LED：
What will you need? Arduino, breadboard, 4 wires, 10mm LED(large white), 560W resistor, USB cable.