如何以随机顺序将文件的每一行写入新文件？

Question

我是Python新手，一直在努力解决这个问题。我想编写一个函数，它从一个名为FileNames.txt的文件中获取一组BMP文件名，并将它们以随机顺序打印到名为config_1.cfg的新生成的文件中。

在FileNames.txt文件看起来像这样的文件名：

E1I11D0.bmp 
E1I13D0.bmp 
E1I15D0.bmp 
E1I17D0.bmp 
E1I19D0.bmp 
E1I1D0.bmp 
E1I21D0.bmp 

我希望他们在新的config_1.cfg文件中写出来，这应该是这个样子：

#Filename: config_1.cfg 
#Subject: 1 

-PRESENT 1 
[Back] "E1I11D0.bmp" 
[Connect] 0 1 

-CALIBRATION 1 
[Connect] 0 2 

-PRESENT 2 
[Back] "E1I1D0.bmp" 
[Connect] 0 3 

-CALIBRATION 2 
[Connect] 0 4 

-PRESENT 3 
[Back] "E1I19D0.bmp" 
[Connect] 0 5 

需要按照随机顺序写出.txt文件中的所有BMP文件名。到目前为止，我已经尝试生成.cfg文件是这样的：

import os 
import random 

curdir = os.getcwd() 
os.chdir('/Users/UserName/Folder') 

index = 1 
count = 1 

# Create output .cfg file 

outfile = open('config_1' + '.cfg', 'w') 

outfile.write('# Filename: config_1' + '\n'); 
outfile.write('#Subject: 1' + '\n'); 

#Get the BMP file names from the .txt file 

with open('FileNames.txt', 'r') as fin: 
    fileId = list(fin) 

random.shuffle(fileId) 

for line in fileId: 

    outfile.write('-PRESENT ' + str(index) + '\n') 
    outfile.write('[Back] ' + str(fileId) + '.bmp' + '\r\n') 
    outfile.write('[Connect] 0 ' + str(index + 1) + '\r\n\r\n') 
    index += 1 

# Add SHUTTERCALIBRATION after each instance of BMP file name being printed 

caliblock = 1 

for line in fileId: 
    outfile.write('-CALIBRATION ' + str(index) + '\r\n') 
    outfile.write('[Connect] 0 ' + str(index + 1) + '\r\n\r\n') 
    index += 1 

除此之外，当我运行的代码，我什么我得到了我的.CFG是这样的：

# Filename: config_1 
#Subject: 1 
-PRESENT 1 
[Back] ['E1_I1_3D0.bmp\r\n', 'E1_I1_5D0.bmp\r\n', 'E1_I1_D0.bmp\r\n',  'E1_I1_9D0.bmp\r\n', 'E1_I1_7D0.bmp\r\n', 'E1_I2_1D0.bmp\r\n',  'E1_I1_1D0.bmp\r\n'].bmp 
[Connect] 0 2 

-CALIBRATION 2 
[Connect] 0 3 

-CALIBRATION 2 
[Connect] 0 3 

-CALIBRATION 2 
[Connect] 0 3 

-CALIBRATION 2 
[Connect] 0 3 

-CALIBRATION 2 
[Connect] 0 3 

-CALIBRATION 2 
[Connect] 0 3 

-CALIBRATION 2 
[Connect] 0 3 

-PRESENT 2 
[Back] ['E1_I1_3D0.bmp\r\n', 'E1_I1_5D0.bmp\r\n', 'E1_I1_D0.bmp\r\n',  'E1_I1_9D0.bmp\r\n', 'E1_I1_7D0.bmp\r\n', 'E1_I2_1D0.bmp\r\n',  'E1_I1_1D0.bmp\r\n'].bmp 
[Connect] 0 3 

而不是每个文件名称出现一次，然后进行校准，我立即打印所有文件，并在每个文件下进行多次校准。

我真的很感谢任何帮助。谢谢！

Answer 1

在代码中有一个错字，在遍历数组时，应该显示当前行，而不是整个数组。

for line in fileId: 

    outfile.write('-PRESENT ' + str(index) + '\n') 
    outfile.write('[Back] ' + str(fileId) + '.bmp' + '\r\n') 
    ________________________________^ "fileId" should be "line" 
    outfile.write('[Connect] 0 ' + str(index + 1) + '\r\n\r\n') 
    index += 1 

Answer 2

我会重写你的代码是这样的：

import random 

with open("FileNames.txt", "r") as f: 
    fnames = f.read().split() 
random.shuffle(fnames) 

chunk_format = """ 
-PRESENT %s 
[Back] "%s" 
[Connect] 0 %s 

-CALIBRATION %s 
[Connect] 0 %s 
""" 

outname = "config_1.cfg" 
with open(outname, "w") as f: 
    f.write("#Filename: %s\n" % outname) 
    f.write("Subject: 1\n") 
    for i, fname in enumerate(fnames): 
     nchunk = i + 1 
     nconnect = 2 * i + 1 
     f.write(chunk_format % (nchunk, fname, nconnect, nchunk, nconnect+1))