编写XML命名空间在Java中

问题描述：

我已经看到了一些旧的答案左右，但我不觉得对于这种特殊情况下的解决方案。编写XML命名空间在Java中

我正在寻找下一个输出：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<manifest:manifest xmlns:manifest="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:manifest:1.0" manifest:version="1.2"> 
<manifest:file-entry manifest:full-path="/" manifest:version="1.2" manifest:media-type="application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet"/> 
</manifest:manifest>

所以，我试了下代码：

import org.w3c.dom.Document; 
import org.w3c.dom.Element; 

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; 
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; 
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException; 
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys; 
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer; 
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException; 
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory; 
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource; 
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult; 
import java.io.FileOutputStream; 
import java.io.IOException; 

public class Test { 
    public static void main(String args[]){ 
     final String MIMETYPE = "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet"; 
     try { 
      DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); 
      DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder(); 
      Document dom = db.newDocument(); 
      Element e = null; 

      Element rootEle = dom.createElementNS("manifest","manifest"); 
      rootEle.setAttributeNS("manifest","version","1.2"); 
      rootEle.setAttributeNS("xmlns","manifest","urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:manifest:1.0"); 

      e = dom.createElementNS("manifest","file-entry"); 
      e.setAttributeNS("manifest","full-path","/"); 
      e.setAttributeNS("manifest","version","1.2"); 
      e.setAttributeNS("manifest","media-type",MIMETYPE); 
      rootEle.appendChild(e); 

      dom.appendChild(rootEle); 

      try { 
       Transformer tr = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer(); 
       tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes"); 
       tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.METHOD, "xml"); 
       tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8"); 
       tr.setOutputProperty("{http://xml.apache.org/xslt}indent-amount", "4"); 

       FileOutputStream o = new FileOutputStream("Output.xml"); 
       tr.transform(new DOMSource(dom), 
         new StreamResult(o)); 

       o.close(); 
      } catch (TransformerException te) { 
       System.err.println(te.getMessage()); 
      } catch (IOException ioe) { 
       System.err.println(ioe.getMessage()); 
      } 
     } catch (ParserConfigurationException pce) { 
      System.err.println("UsersXML: Error trying to instantiate DocumentBuilder " + pce); 
     } 
    } 
}

我得到一个输出：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> 
<manifest xmlns:ns0="xmlns" ns0:manifest="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:manifest:1.0" xmlns:ns1="manifest" ns1:version="1.2" xmlns="manifest"> 
    <file-entry xmlns:ns0="manifest" ns0:full-path="/" ns1:media-type="application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet" xmlns:ns2="manifest" ns2:version="1.2"/> 
</manifest>

它搞乱了命名空间！我怎样才能得到正确的输出？

请在您的问题中添加想要生成的所需输出。 – Progman

@Progman我已经做 – amchacon

需要它，所有的元素和属性有“明显的”前缀，即使他们可以（至少在这个例子中）被忽略？ – Progman

答

为set*NS(...)方法必须是命名空间URI，而不是前缀的第一个参数。你的情况是“urn：oasis：names：tc：opendocument：xmlns：manifest：1.0”。但是，您可以（并且必须）在name参数中指定前缀。以下源代码将生成您想要的输出：

import org.w3c.dom.Document; 
import org.w3c.dom.Element; 

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; 
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; 
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException; 
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys; 
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer; 
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException; 
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory; 
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource; 
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult; 
import java.io.FileOutputStream; 
import java.io.IOException; 

public class Test { 
    public static void main(String args[]){ 
     final String MIMETYPE = "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet"; 
     try { 
      DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); 
      DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder(); 
      Document dom = db.newDocument(); 
      Element e = null; 

      String namespace = "urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:manifest:1.0"; 

      Element rootEle = dom.createElementNS(namespace, "manifest:manifest"); 
      rootEle.setAttributeNS(namespace, "manifest:version","1.2"); 

      e = dom.createElementNS(namespace, "manifest:file-entry"); 
      e.setAttributeNS(namespace, "manifest:full-path","/"); 
      e.setAttributeNS(namespace, "manifest:version","1.2"); 
      e.setAttributeNS(namespace, "manifest:media-type",MIMETYPE); 
      rootEle.appendChild(e); 

      dom.appendChild(rootEle); 

      try { 
       Transformer tr = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer(); 
       tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes"); 
       tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.METHOD, "xml"); 
       tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8"); 
       tr.setOutputProperty("{http://xml.apache.org/xslt}indent-amount", "4"); 

       FileOutputStream o = new FileOutputStream("Output.xml"); 
       tr.transform(new DOMSource(dom), new StreamResult(o)); 

       o.close(); 
      } catch (TransformerException te) { 
       System.err.println(te.getMessage()); 
      } catch (IOException ioe) { 
       System.err.println(ioe.getMessage()); 
      } 
     } catch (ParserConfigurationException pce) { 
      System.err.println("UsersXML: Error trying to instantiate DocumentBuilder " + pce); 
     } 
    } 
}

编写XML命名空间在Java中

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