模拟计算机与数字计算机之间的区别
Hello awesome readers, today we are going to understand the basic difference between Analog and Digital computer. But before starting, I’d like to discuss a bit about both type of computers.
各位读者，大家好，今天我们将了解模拟计算机和数字计算机的基本区别。 但是在开始之前，我想先讨论一下这两种计算机。
What is an Analog Computer?
什么是模拟计算机？
An Analog computer or Analogue computer is a computer which uses continuously changeable entities like mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, etc. quantities in any problem which is being solved.
模拟计算机或模拟计算机是一种计算机，它使用不断变化的实体(例如机械，电气，液压等)来解决任何问题。
They were first used at the time of 1950’s – 1960’s. They do not use discrete values, but rather continuous values.
它们在1950年代-1960年代首次使用。 它们不使用离散值，而是使用连续值。
Those computers work on an analogue signal. These signals are the continuous signals for which the time varying feature (variable) of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e., analogous to another time varying signal.
这些计算机工作在模拟信号上。 这些信号是连续信号，对此信号的时变特征(可变)表示某些其他时变量的表示，即类似于另一个时变信号。
Analogue computers are used in some specific applications, like the flight computer in aircraft, ships, submarines, and some appliances around us like the refrigerator, speedometer of your bike, etc.
模拟计算机用于某些特定应用中，例如飞机，轮船，潜艇以及我们周围的某些设备(例如冰箱，自行车的速度表等)中的飞行计算机。
What is a Digital Computer?
什么是数字计算机？
They are the computers that perform various computational as well as some other general purpose tasks. The information in these computers is represented by variables that take a limited number of discrete values.
它们是执行各种计算任务以及其他一些通用任务的计算机。 这些计算机中的信息由采用有限数量的离散值的变量表示。
Those computers work on a digital signal. These signals are used to represent data as a sequence of discrete values; at any given time it can only take on one of a finite number of values.
这些计算机以数字信号工作。 这些信号用于将数据表示为离散值序列。 在任何给定时间，它只能采用有限数量的值之一。
Digital computers use the binary number system, which has two digits i.e., 0 and 1. A binary digit is called a bit. Here the information is represented in the groups of bits.
数字计算机使用二进制数字系统，该系统具有两个数字，即0和1。二进制数字称为位。 在此，信息以比特组表示。
The advantages of a digital computer are that they are accurate, fast, re-programmable and the outputs are least affected by outside disturbances.
数字计算机的优点是它们准确，快速，可重新编程，并且输出受外界干扰的影响最小。
Some of the best examples of digital computers are your laptop, calculators, smartphones, etc.
最好的数字计算机示例包括笔记本电脑，计算器，智能手机等。
Now let’s differentiate both in tabular form.
现在让我们以表格形式区分两者。
模拟计算机与数字计算机之间的区别 (Difference between Analog and Digital Computer)
| Analog Computer | Digital Computer |
| The analogue computer works on a continuous signal. | The digital computer works on a discrete signal. This signal has two states, on or off. |
| The output is a voltage signal, they are not exact values and are in graphical form. | The outputs are in numbers, exact values are seen on displays. |
| These computers use a network of resistors and capacitors. | Here a large number of logic gates, microprocessors and on-off switches are used. |
| Analogue computers have a limited ability to act as a digital system. | The digital computers can emulate the behaviour of analogue computers. |
| Analogue computers are slower in speed. | Digital computers are quite fast. |
| These computers are mainly used in the field of science. | These computers can be used in all fields of life. |
| The analogue computers measure the analogue quantities like voltage, temperature, etc. | The digital computers calculate mathematical operations, complex calculations, media streaming, etc. |
| Analogue computers are a bit difficult to use. | Digital computers are quite easy to use. |
| The data storing in analogue computers are quite difficult as they use continuous signals which are difficult to store. | Storing data in digital computers are quite easy as they just stores either 0 or 1 which can be easily stored. |
| 模拟计算机 | 数位电脑 |
| 模拟计算机以连续信号工作。 | 数字计算机处理离散信号。 该信号有两种状态，开或关。 |
| 输出是电压信号，它们不是精确值，而是图形形式。 | 输出为数字，在显示屏上可以看到确切的值。 |
| 这些计算机使用电阻器和电容器网络。 | 这里使用了大量的逻辑门，微处理器和通断开关。 |
| 模拟计算机用作数字系统的能力有限。 | 数字计算机可以模拟模拟计算机的行为。 |
| 模拟计算机的速度较慢。 | 数字计算机非常快。 |
| 这些计算机主要用于科学领域。 | 这些计算机可用于生活的所有领域。 |
| 模拟计算机测量模拟量，例如电压，温度等。 | 数字计算机计算数学运算，复杂的计算，媒体流等。 |
| 模拟计算机很难使用。 | 数字计算机非常易于使用。 |
| 模拟计算机中的数据存储非常困难，因为它们使用难以存储的连续信号。 | 将数据存储在数字计算机中非常容易，因为它们仅存储0或1(可以轻松存储)。 |
Comment below if you have queries related to above article for analog vs digital computer.
如果您对上述模拟计算机和数字计算机有疑问，请在下面评论。
翻译自: https://www.thecrazyprogrammer.com/2018/03/difference-between-analog-and-digital-computer.html